Nowadays in the world, development
of agricultural protection technology is being implemented in order to ensure
food security and achieve sustainable food production. Moreover, smart
confrontation with the Climate changes and its consequences, including fast
soil erosion, and increasing organic materials of agricultural soil, is a focus
of agricultural specialists. Now around 189 million hectare of agricultural
lands in the world are exploited using this system, i.e. Protective
agricultural technology.
Protective agricultural technology
consists various components including: maintaining plants remains, minimum
manipulation of the soil, correct management of crop rotation, along with the
combined management of plant nutrition and fertility, controlling damaging
factors, water management, controlling minimum usage of agricultural machines,
which will ultimately result in protecting soil and water resources. Along with
increasing the efficiency of final production, through saving time and energy,
the costs of the products will reduce.
Principles of Protective
agricultural technology:
• Minimum soil irrigation and
reduction of soil tillage operations
• Maintaining sufficient amounts of
plant residues and soil cover,
Preventing erosion, reducing runoff
and evaporation from soil surface.
increasing water efficiency to
improve physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil with a stable
production for a long period of time
• Use of crop rotation, usage of a
vvariable crop rotation to reduce the damage caused by weeds, pests and
diseases
• Economical benefit: in protective
agriculture, along with reducing costs related to production in short period of
time, there is an increase in production in medium and long periods which can
give benefits to farmers
In recent years, there was a
specific focus and attention on developing protective agriculture in our
country, and well thoughts strategies and plans were determined in the stage 6th
of the development program, as well as in resistive economy policies, and
environmental policies were enforced on the executive systems. In the same
direction, through hard- and soft-ware reinforcing of protective agricultural
technology, both farmers and agricultural products users could observe steady
growth in this field as can be seen in figure below (data are in hectare)
Protective agricultural activities for different
types of performances in 2015-2016 (Surface unit: Hectare), in the whole
country and in all provinces:
|
Province
|
Management
of the remains and proper period with low tillage method
|
Management
of the remains and proper period with
tillage method
|
1
|
Eastern
Azarbayejan
|
51975
|
5625
|
2
|
Western
Azarbayejan
|
27000
|
3450
|
3
|
Ardebil
|
20000
|
2100
|
4
|
Isfahan
|
18500
|
7000
|
5
|
Alborz
|
225
|
600
|
6
|
Ilam
|
4000
|
800
|
7
|
Busher
|
5000
|
375
|
8
|
Tehran
|
12000
|
1050
|
9
|
Sothern
Kerman
|
8000
|
1500
|
10
|
Chahar
Maham Bakhtiyari
|
6000
|
1200
|
11
|
Southern
Khorasan
|
8000
|
2000
|
12
|
Khorasan
Razavi
|
93750
|
5250
|
13
|
Northern
Khorasan
|
20000
|
1000
|
14
|
Khozestan
|
139800
|
25000
|
15
|
Zanjan
|
47025
|
800
|
16
|
Semnan
|
8625
|
750
|
17
|
Sistan
va Baluchestan
|
300
|
200
|
18
|
Fars
|
116475
|
28000
|
19
|
Gazvin
|
5000
|
900
|
20
|
Qom
|
10500
|
200
|
21
|
Kordestan
|
22000
|
6675
|
22
|
Kerman
|
2500
|
800
|
23
|
Kermanshah
|
7000
|
3525
|
24
|
Kohgeloyeh
BoyerAhmad
|
10200
|
600
|
25
|
Golestan
|
55000
|
7000
|
26
|
Gilan
|
1350
|
75
|
27
|
Lorestan
|
15000
|
800
|
28
|
Mazandaran
|
5000
|
500
|
29
|
Markazi
|
9000
|
1875
|
30
|
Hormozgan
|
1500
|
350
|
31
|
Hamedan
|
25000
|
2100
|
32
|
Yazd
|
150
|
150
|
33
|
Total
|
745075
|
112250
|
Translated by: F.KH